新概念英语第三册语法总结：独立主格结构
此独立形式只是一个小短语，而不是主谓完整的简单句，又称之为独立分词构句。当分词意义上的主语不是主句的主语时，必须在分词前保留意义上的主语，否则语意不通。示例：
Being ill in bed， I can‘t go to school.
Mother being ill in bed， I can‘t go to school.
1. 独立主结构形式可用以表时间，理由，条件，伴随状态等。
He lay on the grass， the sun shining upon him.
= He lay on the grass， and the sun was shining upon him.
Weather permitting， I‘ll start tomorrow.
= If weather permits， I‘ll start tomorrow.
School being over， the boys went home.
= When school was over， the boys went home.
The sun having set， we arrived at the station.
= After the sun had set， we arrived at the station.
王牌重点：当独立主格结构的主语表示“一般人”，如：we， one， you时，主语可省略，此用法常用于下列表达方式中：
generally speaking 一般来说
strictly speaking 严格地说
talking of … 谈到
speaking of … 说到
judging from … 由……来判断
taking all things into consideration 把一切都考虑在内
considering … 考虑到……
[示例
If we judge from his face， he must be ill.
= Judging from his face， he must be ill.
He has lots of books if we consider that he is young.
= He has lots of books， considering that he is young.
2.with 复合结构也是独立主格结构形式之一。这种结构在句中作状语（表示原因，方式，伴随等）和定语，作定语时紧随被修饰名词后。
（1） with+ 名词 + 介词短语
The woman with a baby on her back is my sister.
The boy rushed into the room， with his schoolbag in his hand.
（2） with + 名词 + adj.
with the door open， he left the classroom.
（3） with + 名词 + adv.
With the gloves off， she felt cold.
With the lights on， the building looks beautiful.
（4） with + 名词 + 现在分词（主动）
with + 名词 + 过去分词（被动）
With the guide leading us， we got to the village.
The boy was crying with the vase broken.
（5） with + 名词 + 不定式
With the hard work to be done， we have to prepare for it.
- 新概念英语第三册语法总结：独立主格结构
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- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：倒装
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：定语从句
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：独立主格结构
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：反意疑问句
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：英语习惯用语
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：形容词
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：虚拟语气
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：状语从句
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：赘词与否定
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：副词
- › 新概念英语第三册语法总结：冠词
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