2013中考英语阅读理解及答案（烟台中考）
【2013山东烟台】D
The famous scientist and thinker， Charles Darwin， was born on February 12， 1809. His family lived not far from the River Severn， England.
Charles’ father was a well-known doctor and the son of a still greater doctor and scientist. Charles’ father hoped that his son would also become a doctor.
As a boy， Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He watched nature， and compared what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things， birds， eggs， stones and leaves. His father did not like this， as Charles was not studying very well at school.
①为了成为一名医生，十六岁时达尔文就被送到爱丁堡大学（Edinburgh University）学习。But he was interested in the history of nature.
Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831.
Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His professor advised him to go. He said the trip would be just for Darwin. So when the ship left England in December， 1831， Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years. The Beagle studied the waters in the sea near South America. It also visited Zealand， Australia and islands in the Pacific. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants.
In 1842 Darwin went to live in Kent， where he continued his studies of change in nature. ②Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same， and that they really change.
By 1859 Darwin had finished his famous book ”The Origin of Species”. It made a great hit in the world of science.③ He was opposed(反对) by the church and even by some scientists. But later， more and more scientists agreed with him.
Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.
www.kuaixue5.com请根据文章内容回答问题。
61. Why didn’t Charles become a doctor?
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62. When did Charles start the research with the Beagle?
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根据短文内容，回答下列各题。
63. 请将①处划线句子翻译成英语。
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64. 请将②处划线句子翻译成汉语。
____________________________________________________________
65. 请改写③处划线句子，使其意思与原句一致。
The church and even some scientist ______ _______ him.
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了著名的科学家，思想家达尔文的生平事迹。包括他的家庭状况，他小时候的情况，他是如何一步步的走形成功的。
61. Because he was interested in the history of nature.【解析】根据第四段句子“But he was interested in the history of nature”可以得出答案。
62. (He started it) in December， 1831.【解析】根据第六段句子“So when the ship left England in December 1831， Darwin was on it. The research lasted almost five years.”可以得出答案。
63. At the age of sixteen./When he was sixteen (years old)， Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University (to study) in order to/so as to/to become a doctor(so that/in order that he could become a doctor).【解析】翻译这个句子的时候要注意时间状语的翻译和不定式结构表示目的的翻译。
64. 达尔文认为动物和植物不是一成不变的，实际上它们是在变化的。【解析】翻译这个句子的时候要注意宾语从句的翻译。
65. were against/disagreed with【解析】be opposed=be against意为“反对”，后面加名词或动名词形式。
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